Google Webmaster Central Blog - Official news on crawling and indexing sites for the Google index

Video about pagination with rel=“next” and rel=“prev”

Tuesday, March 13, 2012 at 6:00 AM

Webmaster Level: Beginner to Intermediate

If you’re curious about the rel=”next” and rel=prev” for paginated content announcement we made several months ago, we filmed a video covering more of the basics of pagination to help answer your questions. Paginated content includes things like an article that spans several URLs/pages, or an e-commerce product category that spans multiple pages. With rel=”next” and rel=”prev” markup, you can provide a strong hint to Google that you would like us to treat these pages as a logical sequence, thus consolidating their linking properties and usually sending searchers to the first page. Feel free to check out our presentation for more information:


This video on pagination covers the basics of rel=”next” and rel=”prev” and how it could be useful for your site.


Slides from the pagination video

Additional resources about pagination include:
  • Webmaster Central Blog post announcing support of rel=”next” and rel=”prev”
  • Webmaster Help Center article with more implementations of rel=”next” and rel=”prev
  • Webmaster Forum thread with our answers to the community’s in-depth questions, such as:

    Does rel=next/prev also work as a signal for only one page of the series (page 1 in most cases?) to be included in the search index? Or would noindex tags need to be present on page 2 and on?

    When you implement rel="next" and rel="prev" on component pages of a series, we'll then consolidate the indexing properties from the component pages and attempt to direct users to the most relevant page/URL. This is typically the first page. There's no need to mark page 2 to n of the series with noindex unless you're sure that you don't want those pages to appear in search results.

    Should I use the rel next/prev into [sic] the section of a blog even if the two contents are not strictly correlated (but they are just time-sequential)?

    In regard to using rel=”next” and rel=”prev” for entries in your blog that “are not strictly correlated (but they are just time-sequential),” pagination markup likely isn’t the best use of your time -- time-sequential pages aren’t nearly as helpful to our indexing process as semantically related content, such as pagination on component pages in an article or category. It’s fine if you include the markup on your time-sequential pages, but please note that it’s not the most helpful use case.

    We operate a real estate rental website. Our files display results based on numerous parameters that affect the order and the specific results that display. Examples of such parameters are “page number”, “records per page”, “sorting” and “area selection”...

    It sounds like your real estate rental site encounters many of the same issues that e-commerce sites face... Here are some ideas on your situation:

    1. It’s great that you are using the Webmaster Tools URL parameters feature to more efficiently crawl your site.

    2. It’s possible that your site can form a rel=”next” and rel=”prev” sequence with no parameters (or with default parameter values). It’s also possible to form parallel pagination sequences when users select certain parameters, such as a sequence of pages where there are 15 records and a separate sequence when a user selects 30 records. Paginating component pages, even with parameters, helps us more accurately index your content.

    3. While it’s fine to set rel=”canonical” from a component URL to a single view-all page, setting the canonical to the first page of a parameter-less sequence is considered improper usage. We make no promises to honor this implementation of rel=”canonical.”

Remember that if you have paginated content, it’s fine to leave it as-is and not add rel=”next” and rel=”prev” markup at all. But if you’re interested in pagination markup as a strong hint for us to better understand your site, we hope these resources help answer your questions!

The comments you read here belong only to the person who posted them. We do, however, reserve the right to remove off-topic comments.

22 comments:

Sankar Datti said...

Very Detailed Explanation Maile Ohye. Thank you so much. Pagination is a common issue for all eCommerce portals.

Usually webmaster videos are short with little explanation about every change of Google. However this video is bit different. SEO's like me won't get any doubt about this update after listening this video. Even though video is lengthy, it's worth to listen till end.

Thanks
Sankar Datti

Patrick said...

Nice tutorial, thank you.
But what should we do with request for page out of pagination?
That is, we implement the rel=”next” and rel=prev”. Let say that today we have 100 paginated content, tomorrow we have 80 paginated content. What should we reply to URL request for page 81,82,....
Should we have "404", "302" to the canonical, create a "200" page with no content (soft 404) and canonical tag?

logan69 said...

Patrick, I have the exact same question. I am thinking that perhaps it should return the user/visitor to the first page. I would be interested in hearing what Maile Ohye and others have to say

David Michaelangelo Silva said...

I'm surprised to hear her say "paj-ination" instead of "page-ination". Different acceptable pronounciations?

Patrick said...

@logan69, From usability it would be fine. But would you do it with a 301?
From Google point of view, one day you could have content and give a 200, next day you have less content and you give back a 301. And then a 200 again some days later...
The same scenario goes with a 404.
I do not know how Google would interpret that sort of things and I would really appreciate a a recommendation from Googlers.

Dave Ashworth said...

It has been interesting to see how Google have used the rel/prev tags as an issue arises with the use of Wordpress as a CMS - we have seen a client site transfer from static site with rankings across many pages for different keywords lose all but home page rankings due to the way in which WP implements the tags - if you set up a series of pages it automatically adds the tags in to aid users with sceren readers/disabilities etc to help navigation.

The non techies amongst us would be hard pressed to work out why, I did write a blog post about it:

http://www.returnondigital.com/blog/wordpress-default-canonical-issue-and-how-to-avoid-it

Would be interesting to know if there was any dialogue between WP and Google to avoid this issue in future versions of WP

emerikusz said...

Would be nice to talk about JS infinite scroll solutions and how to index the "pages" loaded by ajax.

Anuj said...

I have a question.
If my first page URL is ....com/word and my page 2 is ....com/word?page=2, should I use on page 2 the below -

link rel=“prev” href=“....com/word”

link rel=“next” href=“....com/word?page=3”

Patrick said...

@Anuj, your example is correct

PriyankaSeo said...

very interseting and useful information.Thanks for sharing

Kpathak said...

Thanks Maile for this detailed explanation! It has cleared my doubts about pagination.

abeens said...

view all and next, prev information are very useful. Thanks for sharing

Me Barry said...

I build all my eComerce websites with product pages split into pages and a view all option and haven't been able to decide which option to use rel=canonical or rel=next & prev. From what Maile has said I'm taking Google would suggest using the canonical to a view all page because its what users would prefer unless viewing all would incur large load times in which case you should use the prev & next technique. Is that what others have taken from this video?
www.barrydowd.co.uk

Laurent said...

Merci c'est très intéressant, mais je me pose encore quelques questions : faut-il utiliser "Noindex, follow" à partir de la page 2 ?
L'affichage aléatoire des produits dans les pages de liste a t'il une influence positive ou négative ?ansupf

Hiren Modi said...

@Maile Ohye
This blog post on right time. Right now, I'm facing issue after implement this feature on my paginated pages. I want to give one example to know more about it.

http://www.vistastores.com/patio-umbrellas

http://www.vistastores.com/patio-umbrellas?p=2

http://www.vistastores.com/patio-umbrellas?p=3

I have added NOINDEX FOLLOW meta robots to page 2, page 3 and so on.

I want to ask very simple question on this. Can I remove NOINDEX FOLLOW meta robots from pagination page?

My website have certain URL variants in paginated pages.

http://www.vistastores.com/patio-umbrellas?dir=asc&order=name&p=2

http://www.vistastores.com/patio-umbrellas?dir=asc&order=name&p=3

I have big confusion with those kind of pages. What you suggest me in this case?

sqlservermanagementstudio.net said...

It means we should never use canonical tag -even for identical content page

Estelar Software said...

Hello,

Thanks for this useful post. It gives the really fair understanding about the implantation of canonical tags. Still i need a little help from you to implement these tags on my sites. Well i have a product site (Software promotion site) where i would like to use these tags to avoid any plagiarism issue.

I've have one product page (View all page) for windows where there is a information about the every single software, that page URL is:

http://www.estelargroup.com/windows-software-solution.html

and there is a separate page for the per product available on the view all page, like this:

http://www.estelargroup.com/windows/lock-a-folder-for-windows.html

Now i don't want to use only "Canonical" on the all non canonical version of the pages as i want Google to Index all the pages. So how to do it? Should i suppose to use rel="next", rel="prev" tag so that all the pages would appear in the Search Results? If yes then how to do it? Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Unknown said...

One thing that isn't addressed is the Title Tag on each of the paginated pages. For instance, if there are 3 pages, each is part of a series, and Google recommends each page have it own unique title. When doing pagination with rel="next" and rel="prev" do the titles of each page read the same? i.e.

Page 1: Desktop Computers
Page 2: Desktop Computers
Page 3: Desktop Computers

OR

Page 1: Desktop Computers Page 1
Page 2: Desktop Computers Page 2
Page 3: Desktop Computers Page 3

Unknown said...

Just Curious, has anyone implement this and see a jump in ranking? I have implemented this the past months and all my ranks drop. Am I not doing this correctly? Any help or advise will be greatly appreciated.

purecostumes.com

jamesfrenkline said...

I found this technique is really seo friendly and helps our website or blog to rank well in SERP. I have implemented this technique accordingly as defined in the post and got better results.

Toon said...

What about rel="prev|next" attributes inside navigation code (not in head section)?

Something like this:

http://html5anchor.com/demo/html5-pagination/

Will Googlebot determine code as paginated content?

jojopig.com said...

Thanks for this useful information.